Cooling system



may 27, 1924.

M. FINLEY ET AL.

COOLING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 1. 1, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 4/ awmw01 THE/flay i l Brown.

&aa 27, 19240 T. M. FINLEY ET AL COOLING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 14,1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 27, 1924. 1,495,785

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\ 4-H Hun Patented May 27, 1924.

THOMAS MILTON EIN'LEY A ALLW W. BROWN, OF 8'1. LOUIS, OURI.

Original application filed January 14, 1920, Serial No. 351,848. Dividedand this application tiled January 14, 1920. Serial No. 351,348.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that THOMAS M. FINLEY and ALLEN W. BROWN, citizens of theUnited States, residing at St. Louis, in the county of St. Louis Cityand State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Cooling Systems, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a cooling system for engines and is a divisionof an application filed by us the 14th day of January, 1920, Serial No.351,346.

The object of the present invention is to provide a simple, practicaland efficient cooling system designed particularly for aeronauticalinternal combustion engines, and adapted also for use on various typesof combustion engines, and capable of producing a double circulation ofwater through the cylinders of the engine from the bottom to the top ofthe cylinders and around the inlet and exhaust valves of the same formaintaining the cylinders at the desired temperature under variousconditions of service.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cooling system of thischaracter equipped with pumps arranged in pairs for forcing the waterinto the cylinders at the bottom at opposite sides thereof, and capablealso of producing an eflicient circulation in event of one of the pumpsbecoming inoperative from any cause.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a cooling system whichwill not become steam locked and which will be equipped with anadjustable radiator adapted to be projected into an exposed position toa greater or less extent to produce the desired cooling action when thecooling system is employed on aeronautical engines.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction and novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafterfully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointedout in the claims hereto appended, it being understood that variouschanges in the form, proportion, and minor details of constructionwithin the scope of the claims may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings, in which like characters of reference designatecorresponding parts in the several figures:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of an aeronautical engineprovided with a cooling system constructed in accordance with thisinvention.

Figure 2 is end elevation of the same.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view pf a portion of the engine,partly in elevaion.

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view illustrating the arrangement ofthe'adjustable radiator and the means for raising and lowering the same.4 j

Figure 5 is an enlarged elevation illustrating the arrangement of thegearing for operating the pumps, parts being omitted for the sake ofclearness.

Figure 6. is an enlarged horizontal sectional view of one of thecylinders.

Figure 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the upper portion ofthe same.

In the accompanying drawings is illustrated the preferred embodiment ofthe invention in which the cooling system is shown applied to the tandemmotor power unit of the aforesaid application. The tandem motor powerunit comprises two engine sections arranged one in rear of the other andhaving means for taking the power from the engine sections centrally ofthe tandem motor power unit. The cooling system comprises in itsconstruction rotary umps 1 arranged in pairs at the outer end s of theengine sections of the said tandem motor power unit to constitute adouble circulatory cooling system, and the said pumps are connected attheir discharge ends with side feed manifolds 2 extending along theengine sections at opposite sides of the cylinders 3 thereof near thelower ends of the same and connected at intervals throughout the lengthof the side water manifolds 2 with the said cylinders by horizontalbranches 4. The horizontal branches 4 are provided at their attachedterminals 5 with suitable attaching means secured to the sides of thecylinders at lower inlet openings 6 which communicate with the waterspaces 7 formed by coring the cylinders 3 and extending from the lowerportion to the upper portion of each cylinder and around the inlet andexhaust valves 8 and 9 of the said cylinders. The water spaces 7 whichextend around the inlou . sides circulates aroun lot and exhaust valvesat the sides and or portions thereof, are adapted to cause the watercirculating through the cylinders to maintain the valves in a coolcondition. The cylinders are provided at their upper ends with outletopenings 10 and the water which is pumped into the c linders at oppositethe cylinders and flows upward in the water spaces at opposite sides ofthe cylinders to the upper ends of the same and flows around the inletand exhaust valves and passes out of the cylinders through the said topopenings 10 Into a top manifold 11. The top manifold Hextendslongitudinally of the engme sections of the tandem motor power unit andtapers outwardly as clearly illustrated in Figure 3 of the drawings, andit is provided at Intervals with branches 12. The top manifold graduallyincreases in diameter as itrecedes from the outer end of the enginesection to afiord suficient space for the ncrease in the volume of waterwith the increase oi the number of branches leading from the upper endsof the cylinders to the body portion of the top manifold.

The two top manifolds 11 of the front and rear engine sections of thetandem motor power unit are connected. at their inner enlarged ends witha vertically adjustable radiator 13 by flexible tubes 14 so that thewater after leaving the cylinders of the ens-inc sections circulatesthrough the vertically adjustable radiator 13, which may be of anydesired construction, as will be readily understood. The verticallyadjustable radiator 13 is mounted for vertical movement in guides 15suitably secured at their lower ends to and extending upwardly from thecylindrical casing or housing 16 of the said tandem motor power unit andprovided with side flanges 17 extending inwardly and slidably receivingthe side portions of the vertically adjustable radiator 13. The verticalguides 15 are provided at their lower ends with attaching portions 18which conform to the configuration of the casing or housing of thecoupling gearing of the said tandem motor power unit.

The radiator 13 is adjustably supported upon a transverse rod or member19 designed to be either separate from or constltute a portion of theadjustable radiator, but by arranging the adjustable radiator upon thetransverse supporting bar or member 19 it may be readily removed'fromits mountings without afiecting the adjusting means or necessitating theremoval of the same. The transverse supporting rod or member extendsthrough and is vertically movable in vertical slots or openings 20, andit is provided at its ends with eyes 21 to which are suitably securedropes or cables $22 or other suitable flexible connections weaves whichextend upwardly from the supporting bar or member to overhead pulleys 23and then downwardly to rotary drums 24. The ropes or cables 22 may beconnected with the adjustable radiator in any other desired manner, andvarious forms of operating means may be employed for raising andlowering the radiator to produce the desired cooling ellect on the watercirculating through it and through the cylinders of the engine sections.

The drums 24am mountcdon horizontal shafts 25 journaled in suitablebearings of the guides 15 at their inner ends and in bearing brackets 26at their outer ends or portions. The outer terminals of thehorizontal'shafts 25 are connected by vertical and horizontal bevelgears 27 and 28 with the upper ends of side vertical shafts 29 journaledin suitable bearings of the brackets 26 at their upper portions and attheir lower portions in brackets 30 secured to the lower portion of thecasing or housing of the coupling gearing at opposite sides thereof. Theside vertical shafts 29 are also con nected at their lower ends with theupper ends of oppositely inclined shafts 31 by bevel gears 32 and 33,and the said lower inclined shafts are journaled at their lower or innerends in suitable bearings of a central bearing bracket 34 secured to thesaid casing or housing 16 at the bottom thereof. The lower ends of theinclined bottom shafts 31 are connected by bevel gears 35 and 36 withthe upper end of a central vertical shaft 37 journal'ed at its upper endinthe bottom bracket 34 and provided at its lower end with a worm wheel38 meshing with a worm 39 of a worm shaft or operating shaft 40. Thelower portion of the central vertical shaft 37 is designed to bejournaled in any suitable bearings and the worm shaft or operatin shaft40 is provided with an operating evice 41 which may be in the form. or"a wheel, as shown, or any other equivalent device. Also, the operatingmeans may extend to any convenient point in order that the radiator maybe raised or lowered to suit conditions and requirements, and the wormgearing will lock the radiator in its adjustment. The extension orprojection of the adjustable radiator is permitted by the flexible pipesor connections 14 -and will be required when the surrounding air iswarm, and less exposure of the radiator will be required when the air iscold. The cold air oliers greater resistance to the passage of a flyingmachine than warm air, so that the cooling action of the adjustableradiator harmonizes with temperature conditions and will not materiallyaffect or reduce the speed of a flying machine.

The water returns from the radiator to Bil ill)

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the pumps of the front and rear engine sections by side pipes 42 whichare connected at their outer ends b suitable branches 43 with a pumpmanifol or connection 44 having a central coupling 45.

he pumps are rotated by the half-time gearing of the front and rearengine sections of the tandem motor power unit. The half-time gearingcomprises a gear wheel 46 mounted on the outer end of the crank shaft 47and meshing with an idler gear 48 located centrally above the crankshaft and mounted on a stub shaft 49 and connected with a pinion 50. Theidler gear is preferably formed integral with the pinion 50, but thegear and pinion may be connected in any other desired manner and thepinion 50 meshes with cam shaft gears 51 and 52 located at oppositesides of the centrally, arranged pinion 50. The crank shaft gear and theidler gear 48 are of the same speed ratio, namely, one to one, and thespeed ratio of the centrally arranged pinion 50 and the cam shaft gears51 and 52 is one to two. This particular arrangement of gears enablessmaller gears to be employed in half-time gearing and the noise andfriction incident to such gearing are reduced to a minimum, while thedurability and efliciency of the gearing are correspondingly increasedwith the decrease of the tooth speed. The cam shaft gear 52 meshes witha gear 53 mounted on the shaft 54 of one of the pumps and the gear 51 ofthe admission cam shaft meshes with an idler pinion 55 and the lattermeshes with a gear 56 mounted on the shaft 57 of the other pump. Thegear wheel 53 rotates in the direction of the arrow in Figure 5 of thedrawings, its upper portion moving inwardly, and the gear 56 of theother pump shaft is rotated correspondingly, its upper portion movinginwardly owing to the employment of the idler gear 55. The gearing foroperating the pumps and the cam shafts from the crank shaft is arrangedwithin a sectional casin 58.

What is claimed is: Y

1. In a cooling system, the combination of a cylinder having a waterspace and provided at the lower portion with inlet openings and havingan outlet opening at the top, a pair of pumps connected with the inletopenings for the circulation of water through the cylinder, aradiatorconnected with the cylinder at the top thereof, said cylinder beinglocated between the pumps and the radiator, and a side return pipeextending along the engine and connected with the radiator and with bothof the pumps.

2. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine having a set ofcylinders provided with water spaces and having inlet openings atopposite sides at one end of the c linders, said cylinders being alsorovidh with outlets, side manifolds having ranches connected with theinlet openings of the cylinders, a radiator located at one end of theset of cylinders, pumps located at the other end of the set of cylindersand connected with the manifolds, a side return pipe extending along theengine and connected with the radiator and with both pumps, and meansfor connecting the radiator with the cylinders.

3. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine having a set ofcylinders provided with water spaces and having side inlet openings atthe lower ends of the cylinders, the

latter being also provided at the top with outlet openings, sidemanifolds provided with branches arranged at intervals and connectedwith the inlet openings of the cylinder, a pair of pumps located at oneend of the set of cylinders and connected with the side manifolds, aradiator located at the other end of the set of cylinders and conenected with the top outlet openings of the same, and a side return pipeextending along the engine and connecting the radiator with the pair ofpumps.

4. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine having a set ofcylinders provided with air spaces, said cylinders being also providedat opposite sides of their upper ends with inlet openings and havingcentrally arranged top openings, side manifolds provided at intervalswith branches connected with inlet openings of the cylinders, a radiatorlocated at one end of the set of cylinders, a pair of pumps located atthe other end of the set of cylinders and connected with the sidemanifolds, a centrally arranged to manifold connected with the radiatoran with the top outlet openin s,

and side return pipes extending along t e engine at opposite sidesthereof and connecting the radiator with the pumps.

5. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided with a setof cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also providedwith lower inlet 0 enings and having top outlet openings, a sidemanifold connected with the lower inlet openings, a top manifoldconnected with the outlet open ings, a radiator located at one end ofthe set of cylinders and connected with the to manifold, a pump locatedat the other en of the engine and connected with the side manifold, anda return pipe extending along the set of cylinders from one end thereofto the other and connecting the radiator with the pump.

6. A cooling system for internal combustion engines including anadjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and movableto project it beyond the engine to a greater or less degree and also towithdraw it into a position in rear of the (1 cylinders of the engine soas to be protected by the same.

7. in a cool ng svstem, the combination of an engine provided withcylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided withlower side inlet 0 enings and having top outlet openings, sid emanifolds connected with the side inlet openings, a top manifoldconnected with the outlet openings, :1 pair of pumps located at one endof the engine and connected with the side manifolds, and a radiatorlocated at the other end of the engine and carried b the same andconnected with the top manlfold, said radiator being also connected withthe said manifolds and the pumps.

8. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unithaving front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders havingWater spaces, said cylinders being also provided with lower side inletopenings and top outlet openings, side manifolds connected with theinlet openings, top manifolds connected with the outlet openings, aradiator located between the front and rear engine sections andconnected with thetop manifolds, pumps arranged in pairs at the outerends of the engine sections and connected with the side manifolds, andmeans for connecting the radiator with the pumps.

9. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unithaving front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders havingwater spaces, said cylinders having lower inlet openings and top outletopenings, a radiator located between the engine sections, side manifoldsconnected with the inlet openings, top manifolds connected with theoutlet openin 's and with the radiator, and pumps located at the outerends of the engine sections and connected with the side manifolds.

10. in a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided withcylinders ha ing water spaces, said cylinders being also provided withinlet and outlet openings, 21 top manifold connected with the outletopenings, an adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engineand movable to project it beyond the engine to'a greater or less degree,and also to withdraw it into a position in rear of the cylinders oil theengine so as to be protected by the same,

and flexible means for connecting the radiator with the top manifold.

11. in accooling system, the combination of an engine provided withcylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided withinlet and outlet openings, a manifold connected with the outletopenings, an adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine,flexible means for connecting the radiator with the said manifold, andmeans for adjusting the radiator inwardly and outwardly to project itsee beyond the engine and also to withdraw it to a position in rear ofcylinders of the engine so as to be protected by the same.

12. in a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unithavin front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders havingwater spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outletopenings, manifolds connected with the outlet openings, a radiatormounted upon and carried by the engine and located between the enginesections and adjustable inwardly and outwardl flexible means forconnecting the manitolds with the radiator, and means for circulatingwater through the cylinders and the radiator.

13. in a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unithaving front and rear engine sections and provided with cylinders havingwater spaces, said cylinders being also provided with lower inletopenings and top outlet openings, top manifolds connected with theoutlet openings, side manifolds connected with the inlet openings, pumpslocated at the outer ends of the engine sections and connected with theside manifolds, a radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine andlocated between the engine sections and connected with the topmanifolds,and means for adjusting the radiator upwardly and downwardlyto reject it to a greater or less extent beyon the engine sections.

it. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided withcylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also pro- J videdwith inlet and outlet openings, a manitold connected with the outletopenings, a radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine andconnected with the manifold,

guides receiving the radiator, and means for moving the radiatorinwardly and outwardly in the guides to project it beyond the engine andalso to withdraw it to a position in rear of cylinders of the engine soas to be protected by the same.

315. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided withcylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided withinlet and outlet openings, an adjustable radiator mounted upon andcarried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings, and meansfor adjusting the radiator inwardly and outwardly to project it beyondthe engine and also to withdraw it to a position in rear of cylindersoff the engine so as to be protected by the same.

16. lin a coolin s stem, the combination of an engine provide withcylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided withinlet and outlet openings, a ver= tically adjustable radiator mountedupon and carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings,guides receiving the radiator, separate means located at the guides andconnected with the radiator for raising and lowering the same, and anoperating device common to the sand means for simultaneously actuatingthe same to project the radiator beyond'the engine and to withdraw itinto a position in rear of cylinders of the engine so as to be protectedby the same. I

17. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided withcylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided withinlet and outlet openings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted uponand carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings,vertical guides located at opposite sides of the engine and receivingthe radiator, drums arranged at opposite sides of the engine and havingflexible connections connected with the radiator, means for guiding thesaid flexible connections, and means having a common operating devicefor rotating the said drums to project the radiator beyond the engineand to withdraw it into a position in rear of cylinders of the engine soas to be protected by the same.

18. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided withcylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided withinlet and outlet openings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted uponand carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings, meansincluding drums and flexible connections located at opposite sides ofthe radiator for raising and lowering the same, an operating shaft,angularly related shafts extending from the operating shaft to thedrums, and gears connecting the shafts to project the radiator beyondthe engine and to withdraw it into a position in rear of cylinders ofthe engine so as to be protected by the same.

19. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unithaving front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders havingwater spaces, said cylinders oeing also provided with inlet and outletopenings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried bythe engine and located between the engine sections and connected withthe outlet openings, guiding means for the radiator, hoisting deviceslocated at opposite sides of the radiator, and connected with the same,an operating device, and means for transmitting motion from theoperating device to the hoisting devices.

20. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unithaving front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders havingWater spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outletopenings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried bythe engine and located between the engine sections and connected withthe outlet openings, guiding means located at opposite sides of theradiator and receiving the same, a supporting member receiving theradiator and extending across the space between the guiding means, andmeans connected with the ends of the supporting member for raising andlowering the radiator.

21. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unithaving front and rear enginev sections provided with cyl inders, saidcylinders having water spaces and provided with inlet and outletopenings. a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried bythe engine and located between the engine sections and connected withthe outlet openings, guides located at opposite sides of and receivingthe radiator, a supporting member carrying the radiator and also guidedby the said guides, and means connected with the supporting member forraising and lowering the radiator.

22. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine having cylindersprovided with water spaces, said cylinders-being also provided withinlet and outlet openings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted uponand carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings,vertical guides receiving the radiator and provided with slots. asupporting member extending through the slots and carrying the radiator,and means connected with the ends of the supporting member forraisingand lowering the radiator to project the radiator beyond theengine and to Withdraw it into a position in rear of cylinders of theengine so as to be protected by the same.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures.

THOMAS MILTON FINLEY. ALLEN W. BROWN.

